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- Title
Drug-induced parkinsonism: A review.
- Authors
Mukilan, D.; Praveen, D.; Chowdary, P. Ranadheer; Aanandhi, M. Vijey
- Abstract
Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is the most common etiology in all aged group of people. Many patients with DIP may be misdiagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) because the clinical feature of these both conditions is indistinguishable. DIP may be usually due to the depleted dopamine (DA) storage. DA deficiency is due to long-term use of typical antipsychotic drugs. In addition to, this DIP may be caused by gastrointestinal pro-kinetics, atypical antipsychotics, antiepileptics, and calcium channel blockers. Moreover, neurological deficits in patients with DIP are severe enough to affect the daily activities. DIP is generally characterized clinically as bilateral and symmetric parkinsonism without tremor at rest. However, about half of the patient shows asymmetrical parkinsonism with tremor at rest which makes it difficult to differentiate DIP from PD. The pathophysiology of DIP is related to the blockage of D2 receptors by antipsychotic drugs in the striatum, and encephalincontaining striatal neurons dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging is useful for diagnosing presynaptic parkinsonism. DAT uptake in the striatum is significantly decreased even in the early stage of PD, and this characteristic may help in differentiating PD from DIP. DIP may have a significant and longstanding effects on the patient. Hence, physicians should be cautious when prescribing dopaminergic receptor blockers and should monitor the patient's neurological signs.
- Subjects
PARKINSONIAN disorders; ETIOLOGY of diseases; CLINICAL trials; ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents; DOPAMINERGIC neurons; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Drug Invention Today, 2018, Vol 10, Issue 2, p212
- ISSN
0975-7619
- Publication type
Article