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- Title
A Novel Approach for Dermal Application of Pranoprofen-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Post-Tattoo Inflammatory Reactions.
- Authors
De Grau-Bassal, Guillermo; Mallandrich, Mireia; Sosa, Lilian; Espinoza, Lupe; Calpena, Ana Cristina; Bozal-de Febrer, Núria; Rodríguez-Lagunas, María J.; Garduño-Ramírez, María L.; Rincón, María
- Abstract
Recently, the number of people acquiring tattoos has increased, with tattoos gaining significant popularity in people between 20 and 40 years old. Inflammation is a common reaction associated with tattooing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a nanostructured lipid carrier loading pranoprofen (PRA-NLC) as a tattoo aftercare formulation to reduce the inflammation associated with tattooing. In this context, the in vitro drug release and the ex vivo permeation-through-human-skin tests using Franz cells were appraised. The tolerance of our formulation on the skin was evaluated by studying the skin's biomechanical properties. In addition, an in vivo anti-inflammatory study was conducted on mice skin to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation applied topically after tattooing the animals. PRA-NLC showed a sustained release up to 72 h, and the amount of pranoprofen retained in the skin was found to be 33.48 µg/g/cm2. The formulation proved to be well tolerated; it increased stratum corneum hydration, and no signs of skin irritation were observed. Furthermore, it was demonstrated to be non-cytotoxic since the cell viability was greater than 80%. Based on these results, we concluded that PRA-NLC represents a suitable drug delivery carrier for the transdermal delivery of pranoprofen to alleviate the local skin inflammation associated with tattooing.
- Subjects
SKIN inflammation; TRANSDERMAL medication; NANOPARTICLES; TATTOOING; LABORATORY rats
- Publication
Pharmaceutics, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 5, p643
- ISSN
1999-4923
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/pharmaceutics16050643