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- Title
Endoscopic Diagnosis of Small Bowel Tumor.
- Authors
Yano, Tomonori; Yamamoto, Hironori
- Abstract
Simple Summary: Recent technological advances, including capsule endoscopy (CE) and balloon-assisted endoscopy (BAE), have revealed that small intestinal disease is more common than previously thought. Early diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is essential for favorable outcomes. For early diagnosis, after examination of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, the possibility of small bowel lesions should be considered in patients with unexplained symptoms and signs, including gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic anemia, abdominal pain, obstructive symptoms, body weight loss, palpable abdominal mass, and fever of unknown origin. Recent technological advances, including capsule endoscopy (CE) and balloon-assisted endoscopy (BAE), have revealed that small intestinal disease is more common than previously thought. CE has advantages, including a high diagnostic yield, discomfort-free, outpatient basis, and physiological images. BAE enabled endoscopic diagnosis and treatment in the deep small bowel. Computed tomography (CT) enterography with negative oral contrast can evaluate masses, wall thickening, and narrowing of the small intestine. In addition, enhanced CT can detect abnormalities outside the gastrointestinal tract that endoscopy cannot evaluate. Each modality has its advantages and disadvantages, and a good combination of multiple modalities leads to an accurate diagnosis. As a first-line modality, three-phase enhanced CT is preferred. If CT shows a mass, stenosis, or wall thickening, a BAE should be selected. If there are no abnormal findings on CT and no obstructive symptoms, CE should be selected. If there are significant findings in the CE, determine the indication for BAE and its insertion route based on these findings. Early diagnosis of small intestinal tumors is essential for favorable outcomes. For early diagnosis, the possibility of small bowel lesions should be considered in patients with unexplained symptoms and signs after examination of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract.
- Subjects
MEDICAL technology; COMPUTED tomography; ENDOSCOPIC surgery; ENTEROSCOPY; INTESTINAL tumors; CAPSULE endoscopy; EARLY diagnosis; MEDICAL balloons; ENDOSCOPY
- Publication
Cancers, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 9, p1704
- ISSN
2072-6694
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/cancers16091704