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- Title
OPASNOST OD PARAZITSKIH ZOONOZA U POVEZANOSTI SA POSLJEDNJIM VALOM MIGRANATA (2) - EHINOKOKOZA.
- Authors
Štimac, Iva; Martinković, Franjo
- Abstract
Human echinococcosis is caused by the larval stages of four types of tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus: E. granulosus (sensu lato), E. multilocularis, E. vogeli and E. oligarthrus. E. granulosus (sensu lato) causes cystic echinococcosis and is the form most frequently encountered. Most regions affected by cystic echinococcosis are impoverished remote communities with limited access to adequate healthcare. Disease is spread across the entire world with the highest prevalence in the communities with pasture-based livestock farming, which include the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea and many regions and countries of Central Asia, China, Australia and South America. Alveolar echinococcosis is caused by a larval stage of tapeworm E. multilocularis. Despite being a rare disease it is observed in the northern hemisphere, in geographical areas where the uninterrupted development of the sylvatic cycle of the causative agent is possible. Most cases of alveolar echinococcosis in humans have been registered in some regions of Western China. Over the last two decades, Europe has witnessed the broadening of endemic areas, the major one being in Lithuania. Both diseases are autochthonous parasitic zoonoses of the Syrian Arab Republic, Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, Republic of Iraq and the Islamic Republic of Iran, countries of origin of the great number of refugees and migrants. Many refugees and migrants originate from the regions with no public health systems in place. Failures to follow-up diseased autochthonous populations, and incomplete medical examinations of refugees and migrants prevent from establishing the exact cause of the rise of prevalence of echnicoccoses in the host countries. At the same time, we face constant danger of spreading of the existing foci of the infection due to big conglomerates of people living under extremely difficult conditions that favor the persistence of a life cycle of a causative agent.
- Subjects
INFECTIOUS disease transmission; HEALTH services accessibility; PERIODIC health examinations; ECHINOCOCCOSIS; LIVESTOCK farms; ECHINOCOCCUS granulosus; DIASPORA
- Publication
Veterinaria, 2021, Vol 70, Issue 2, p259
- ISSN
0372-6827
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.51607/22331360.2021.70.2.259