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- Title
Nano-formulation and nanoparticle-delivery for brain function and antiviral medication bioavailability: Design, Development, and Evaluation.
- Authors
Trivedi, Lalit Mohan; Gour, Priyanka; Dhakad, Krati; Kushwah, Kanchan; Tilak, Raj; Sharma, Ajay Kumar; Ande, Sagar Narendra; Meena, Mukesh Kumar; Farheen, Fiza
- Abstract
HIV is one of the worst infections and the sixth biggest cause of mortality. First pass metabolism, protein binding, and enzyme metabolism contribute to the low bioavailability of HIV-treating non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. They also have lower blood-brain barrier permeability. Central nervous system is HIV's main reservoir. The biocompatible lipid content and nano size of efavirenz lipid nanoparticles increased medication permeability and protection in this investigation. The formulation has improved absorption and brain targeting. Using a systematic set of experiments, high-pressure homogenization was used to generate solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and analyse particle size, PDI, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The average particle size was 108.5 nm, the PDI was 0.172, and the capture factor was 64.9%. The stable drug has a zeta potential of -21.2 mV. Transmission electron microscopy and histopathology revealed spherical and irregular lipid nanoparticles. An in situ temperature-sensitive gel system using optimal SLNs. Gel temperature, pH, viscosity, light transmittance, muco-adhesive strength, diffusion, and in vitro and ex vivo dissolution experiments were assessed for Efavirenz SLN gel. Optimisation for zero-order release kinetics (R2 = 0.3) suggests concentration-sensitive and diffusion-controlled drug release. Nanotechnology-developed anti-inflammatory medications may overcome many of these issues and eliminate HIV in the brain and cure HIV patients following intranasal delivery, according to in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. These delivery techniques distribute antibodies in synthetic or natural nanoparticles. Interest in producing antibiotics from natural materials such lipids, phospholipids, surfactants, proteins, and polysaccharides stems from health and environmental concerns. Nanoparticle composition, shape, size, and characteristics may increase antibacterial activity, stability, and effectiveness. This article discusses the different types of antiviral medications, their efficacy concerns, and how nanoparticles might help. Current nano particle-based antibody delivery studies and future perspectives are reviewed.
- Subjects
NON-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; INTRANASAL administration; CONTROLLED drugs; ENZYME metabolism; BIOAVAILABILITY; SYNTHETIC antibodies
- Publication
Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research (Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research), 2023, Vol 14, Issue 10, p998
- ISSN
0975-3583
- Publication type
Article