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- Title
Response of Channel Catfish to Diets Containing T-2 Toxin.
- Authors
Manning, Bruce B.; Li, Menghe H.; Robinson, Edwin H.; Gaunt, Patricia S.; Camus, Alvin C.; Rottinghaus, George E.
- Abstract
The T-2 toxin is a trichothecene mycotoxin produced by certain molds of the genus that infect the grains, wheat by-products, and oilseed meals used in the production of animal feeds. An aquarium study was conducted with juvenile channel catfish . Experimental diets were prepared by replacing the untreated casein in a semipurified diet with casein treated with pure T-2 toxin in the amounts necessary to produce five levels of the toxin. Dietary concentrations were 0, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg of diet. A concurrent study with similarly sized channel catfish was conducted to substantiate the toxicity of the T-2 toxin. This study required feeding the control diet at the same levels of daily consumption (pair-feeding) as in the treatments with the three highest levels of T-2 toxin (1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg) to compare differences in weight gain, feed conversion, hematocrit, and survivability. After 8 weeks, significant ( P < 0.05) reductions in growth were observed for all treatments fed T-2 toxin compared with the control diet. Significantly poorer feed conversion was found only for the highest level of T-2 toxin. Hematocrit values were adversely affected by the inclusion of T-2 toxin at 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg. Pair-fed catfish had a significantly greater increase in body weight than fish fed the highest level of mycotoxin only. Pair-fed treatments had hematocrit values that were very similar to those of the control and significantly higher than those of fish receiving 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/ kg. The survivability of the fish fed T-2 toxin at 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg was significantly lower than that of control fish and their pair-fed counterparts. Histopathological anomalies of stomach, head, and trunk kidneys were observed in fish receiving the three highest levels of T-2 toxin. These results demonstrate that this feed-borne mycotoxin is toxic to juvenile channel catfish.
- Publication
Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 2003, Vol 15, Issue 3, p229
- ISSN
0899-7659
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1577/H03-019