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- Title
Histological Evidence of Chronic Mycoplasma genitalium-Induced Cervicitis in HIV-Infected Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
- Authors
Dehon, Patricia M.; Hagensee, Michael E.; Sutton, Kimberly J.; Oddo, Hope E.; Nelson, Nia; McGowin, Chris L.
- Abstract
<bold>Background: </bold>Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging sexually transmitted pathogen implicated in inflammatory syndromes of the female reproductive tract. The objective of this study was to investigate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women for an association between M. genitalium and cervicitis, a putative mechanism for enhanced HIV transmission efficiency to an uninfected partner.<bold>Methods: </bold>Using a longitudinal cohort of antiretroviral therapy-adherent New Orleans women, we retrospectively screened for M. genitalium and quantitatively characterized several markers of cervical inflammation, including secreted cytokines and cytological and histological signs of leukocyte infiltration.<bold>Results: </bold>We observed a high prevalence of M. genitalium (7.4%) among HIV-infected New Orleans women. Chronic M. genitalium infection was associated with increased secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and interleukin 8, and marked inflammatory cervical infiltrates in the cervix with enrichment of HIV target cells. Cure of M. genitalium infection resulted in ablation of all signs of inflammation.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>These findings implicate M. genitalium as an etiologic agent of cervicitis in HIV-infected women, providing a potential mechanism for enhanced HIV transmission to an uninfected partner. Screening and treatment of M. genitalium among HIV-infected individuals may be warranted to further understand this coinfection scenario, improve cervical health, and reduce the spread of HIV.
- Subjects
UTERINE cervicitis; CERVIX uteri disease diagnosis; MYCOPLASMA diseases; MEDICAL care of HIV-positive persons; INFECTIOUS disease transmission; DIAGNOSIS; THERAPEUTICS; HIV infection complications; CERVIX uteri; CHRONIC diseases; CYTOKINES; LONGITUDINAL method; MYCOPLASMA; VAGINA; RETROSPECTIVE studies; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2016, Vol 213, Issue 11, p1828
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiw025