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- Title
Soil Freezing Effects on Sources of Nitrogen and Carbon Leached During Snowmelt.
- Authors
Campbell, John L.; Reinmann, Andrew B.; Templer, Pamela H.
- Abstract
Soil freezing in winter has been shown to enhance growing season losses of C and N in northern forests. However, less is known about effects of soil freezing on C and N retention during snowmelt and the sources of C and N leached, which is important because losses to stream water are greatest during this period. Organic horizon soils (Oi + Oe + Oa) from the Hubbard Brook experimental forest in new Hampshire, United States were placed in columns in a laboratory experiment and subjected to one of three different temperature treatments (+5.0, -0.5, and -15.0°C) before they were covered with snow and placed in a +5.0°C cold room to induce snowmelt. Results for all temperature treatments showed that fluxes of all forms of C and N declined over snowmelt, indicating flushing of a limited soil pool. The quality of dissolved organic matter (DOM) became increasingly aromatic, while δ15N-NO3- declined, indicating that as labile organic matter and n become less available during snowmelt, a greater proportion of n is cycled through the microbial pool. Mild soil freezing had little effect on C and N processing; however, severe soil freezing resulted in delayed leaching and a flush of labile DOM. The severely frozen soils also leached significantly less dissolved inorganic N (DIN; NH4+ and NO3-), likely due to the inhibitory effect of extremely cold soil temperatures on microbial production. These results highlight the importance of winter climate in regulating fluxes and sources of C and N leached during snowmelt, having implications for stream water quality.
- Subjects
SOIL freezing; SOIL mechanics; SOIL leaching; SOIL degradation; SOIL physics
- Publication
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2014, Vol 78, Issue 1, p291
- ISSN
0361-5995
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2136/sssaj2013.06.0218