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- Title
Positive almost periodic solutions of nonautonomous evolution equations and application to Lotka–Volterra systems.
- Authors
Khalil, Kamal
- Abstract
The aim of this paper is to establish some sufficient conditions ensuring the existence and uniqueness of positive (Bohr) almost periodic solutions to a class of semilinear evolution equations of the form: u′(t)=A(t)u(t)+f(t,u(t)),t∈ℝ$$ {u}^{\prime }(t)=A(t)u(t)+f\left(t,u(t)\right),t\in \mathbb{R} $$. We assume that the family of closed linear operators (A(t))t∈ℝ$$ {\left(A(t)\right)}_{t\in \mathbb{R}} $$ on a Banach lattice X$$ X $$ satisfies the "Acquistapace–Terreni" conditions, so that the associated evolution family is positive and has an exponential dichotomy on ℝ$$ \mathbb{R} $$. The nonlinear term f$$ f $$, acting on certain real interpolation spaces, is assumed to be almost periodic only in a weaker sense (i.e., in Stepanov's sense) with respect to t$$ t $$, and Lipschitzian in bounded sets with respect to the second variable. Moreover, we prove a new composition result for Stepanov almost periodic functions by assuming only continuity of f$$ f $$ with respect to the second variable (see the condition Lemma 1‐(ii)). Finally, we provide an application to a system of Lotka–Volterra predator–prey type model with diffusion and time–dependent parameters in a generalized almost periodic environment.
- Subjects
EVOLUTION equations; INTERPOLATION spaces; BANACH lattices; PREDATION; PERIODIC functions; SEMILINEAR elliptic equations; LOTKA-Volterra equations; EXPONENTIAL dichotomy
- Publication
Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences, 2023, Vol 46, Issue 11, p11780
- ISSN
0170-4214
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/mma.9120