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- Title
Herbicides Increase Emission of Ammonia by Pearl Millet and Congo Grass.
- Authors
Pacheco, L. C. P. S.; Damin, V.; Pelosi, A. P.; Ferreira, K. R. S.; Trivelin, P. C. O.
- Abstract
In previous works, we demonstrated that some herbicides could increase N losses from the soil-plant system under greenhouse conditions, but the N-output pathways were not investigated. In this context, the aim of this work was to evaluate ammonia (NH3) emission by soil and plants and the total-N accumulation in the straw following herbicide application to pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis). Two field experiments were conducted in a randomized block, with a factorial design and eight replicates per treatment. The treatments were: 1-control: without herbicide application, 2- glyphosate, 3-glufosinate-ammonium, and 4-paraquat. Periodic measurements of NH3 emission by plants or soil at 48-h intervals were considered as repeated measurements. At the end of the experiment, the dry mass, ammonium (NH4 +) in both plant tissues and soil, and total N in shoots were measured. All evaluated herbicides increased emission of NH3 by pearl millet and congo grass with net losses ranging from 1.5 to 7.0 kg ha-1 of NH3 after herbicide application, but soil NH3 emission was not affected. In congo grass, all herbicides reduced total N and dry mass content in plant tissues, but only the glyphosate herbicide reduced it in pearl millet. Herbicide usage increases emission of ammonia by plants and can decrease the total-N accumulation in cover crop straw. Further research should be done to investigate how these ammonia losses and changes in total N from aboveground biomass affect crop production as well as the recommended N fertilizer application rates.
- Subjects
HERBICIDES; MILLETS
- Publication
Agronomy Journal, 2017, Vol 109, Issue 4, p1232
- ISSN
0002-1962
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2134/agronj2016.04.0242