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- Title
Paradoxes of validity.
- Authors
Simmons, Keith
- Abstract
Consider the following argument written on the board in room 227: 1 = 1. So, the argument on the board in room 227 is not valid. This argument generates a paradox. The aim of this paper is to present a resolution of this paradox and related paradoxes of validity, including a version of the Curry paradox. The proposal stresses the close connections between these validity paradoxes and paradoxes of truth (such as the liar) and paradoxes of denotation (such as Richard's, Berry's and König's). So a more general aim is to provide a unified response to semantic paradox. The positive proposal is in part inspired by a brief, tantalizing suggestion of Gödel's, that the paradoxes might appear "as something analogous to dividing by zero"—so that the concept of validity, for example, is everywhere applicable except for certain singular points or singularities. A second central claim is that 'valid' is a context-sensitive predicate. The key notions of this contextual-singularity theory are presented and applied to a variety of cases. Any purported solution to paradox must deal with the phenomenon of revenge, and a response to revenge is outlined. The paper closes with remarks about the accommodation of Tarski's claim that natural languages are universal.
- Subjects
PARADOX; TRUTHFULNESS &; falsehood; TRUTH; UNIQUENESS (Philosophy); MEANING (Psychology)
- Publication
Philosophical Studies, 2022, Vol 179, Issue 2, p383
- ISSN
0031-8116
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11098-021-01663-8