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- Title
Validation of scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and gamma spectrometry to verify source nuclear material for safeguards purposes.
- Authors
Shaban, Sameh; Ibrahiem, Nagdya; El-mongy, Sayed; Elshereafy, Elsayed
- Abstract
Ten ore samples, two unpurified yellow cake samples and natural uranyl nitrate hexahydrate sample were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) method to verify source nuclear material. Samples represent source nuclear material as possible. All samples were scanned at ideal conditions; working distance = 10 mm, voltage = 30 kV, magnification value = × 100, spot size = 50 to screen samples for the presence of uranium and thorium, Also Hyper pure germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometers were applied to estimate the uranium and thorium contents in Bq/kg (ppm). For the ore samples uranium-238 ranges from 1,049.23 Bq/kg (85.30 ppm) to 2,096.06 Bq/kg (170.41 ppm), uranium-235 ranges from 47.51 to 105.61 Bq/kg and thorium-232 ranges from 22.84 Bq/kg (5.65 ppm) to 41.78 Bq/kg (10.34 ppm). For the yellow cake samples and uranyl nitrate hexahydrate uranium-238 ranges from 42.99 Bq/kg (3.50 ppm) to 71,887.2 Bq/kg (5,844.49 ppm) and thorium-232 is 4.78 Bq/kg (1.83 ppm) and the other two samples are lower than the detection limit.
- Subjects
RADIOACTIVE substance safety measures; SCANNING electron microscopy; SOFTWARE validation; URANIUM compounds; NITRO compounds; THORIUM; ENERGY dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- Publication
Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry, 2013, Vol 296, Issue 3, p1219
- ISSN
0236-5731
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10967-012-2374-x