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- Title
Sourcing Herod the Great's calcite-alabaster bathtubs by a multi-analytic approach.
- Authors
Amir, Ayala; Frumkin, Amos; Zissu, Boaz; Maeir, Aren M.; Goobes, Gil; Albeck, Amnon
- Abstract
Herod "the Great", king of Judea in the second half of the first century BC, was known for his building projects, wealth, and political power. Two of his personal calcite-alabaster bathtubs, found in the Kypros fortress and the palace of Herodium, are among the very limited archaeological evidence of his private life. It seemed plausible that they were imported from Egypt, the main source of calcite-alabaster in ancient periods. Yet, the recent identification of a calcite quarry in the Te'omim cave, Israel, challenges this hypothesis. Here, we developed an approach for identification of the source of calcite-alabaster, by combination of four analytical methods: ICP, FTIR, ssNMR and isotope ratio. These methods were then applied to Herod's bathtubs demonstrating that they were indeed quarried in Israel rather than in Egypt.
- Subjects
EGYPT; ISRAEL; HEROD I, King of Judea, 73 B.C.-4 B.C.; CALCITE; BATHTUBS; CONSTRUCTION projects; POWER (Social sciences); QUARRIES &; quarrying
- Publication
Scientific Reports, 2022, Vol 12, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2045-2322
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41598-022-13308-9