The article focuses on several aspects of using Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) and Verband der Automobilindustrie (VDA) standard approaches. It mentions that the AIAG and VDA approaches to design failure mode and effects analysis (DFMEAs) were fundamentally different; and the failure effect (FE) for the leg would be the FM for the frame assembly, and the FE for the frame assembly would be the FM for the system.