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- Title
العمليات النفسية الإسرائيلية في معركة الكرامة 1968.
- Authors
أبو عرقوب, إبراهيم أحمد; الخدام, حمزة خليل
- Abstract
On March 21, 1968, the Israeli Army waged two tactical military and psychological campaigns against the Jordanian Army and the Palestinian fighters in order to destroy Fatah faction's military base in Karama town. This analytical study aims at shedding the light at the Israeli tactical psychological operations in terms of its: organization, objectives, target audience, media, content, types, Effects and lessons learned. The study arrived at the following conclusions: the Israeli military used the psychological operations before, during and after the battle. The Israeli psychological tactical operations failed to support the military operations and the destruction of the morale of the fighters and the civilians. The high morale, steadfastness, preparedness, unity of the fighters, and the low morale of the Israeli leaders, officers and soldiers because the heavy casualties and losses were the main causes of the Israeli defeat. So the undefeatable Israeli army was defeated militarily and psychologically at the hand of the smallest and poorly equipped military group and Arab army for the first time since 1948.
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGICAL warfare; BATTLE of Karamah, Jordan, 1968; MILITARY tactics; FACTIONALISM (Politics); SPECIAL operations (Military science)
- Publication
Dirasat: Human & Social Sciences, 2013, Vol 40, Issue 3, p628
- ISSN
1026-3721
- Publication type
Article