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- Title
Evaluation of Associations of Growth Differentiation Factor-11, Growth Differentiation Factor-8, and Their Binding Proteins, Follistatin and Follistatin-Like Protein-3, With Measures of Skeletal Muscle Mass, Muscle Strength, and Physical Function in Older Adults
- Authors
Cawthon, Peggy M; Patel, Sheena; Newman, Anne B; Bhasin, Shalender; Peng, Liming; Tracy, Russell P; Kizer, Jorge R; Lee, Se-Jin; Ferrucci, Luigi; Ganz, Peter; LeBrasseur, Nathan K; Cummings, Steven R
- Abstract
Background Based on studies from animal models, growth differentiation factor-11 (GDF-11) may have rejuvenating effects in humans. GDF-11 has high sequence homology with GDF-8 (also known as myostatin); follistatin and follistatin-like protein-3 (FSTL-3) are inhibitory proteins of both GDF-8 and GDF-11. Methods Using highly specific liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry assays for GDF-11 and GDF-8 and immunoassays for follistatin and FSTL-3, we quantified the association of these factors with muscle size, strength, and physical performance in 2 prospective cohort studies of community-dwelling older adults (Health, Aging, and Body Composition study [Health ABC] and Cardiovascular Health Study [CHS]). Results GDF-8 levels were positively associated with thigh muscle cross-sectional area and density in Health ABC (data not available in CHS). GDF-8 levels were positively associated with lean mass (a surrogate of muscle mass) in Health ABC but not CHS, and grip strength in CHS but not Health ABC. FSTL-3 (and perhaps follistatin) was negatively associated with lean mass and had variable associations with other variables. In contrast, GDF-11 was not significantly associated with strength or performance. Conclusions GDF-8 and its binding proteins, follistatin and FSTL-3, may constitute a counterregulatory system (chalones) to restrain age-related loss of muscle mass and strength.
- Subjects
MUSCLE mass; CARRIER proteins; FOLLISTATIN; PHYSICAL mobility; MUSCLE strength; MYOBLASTS
- Publication
Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences, 2023, Vol 78, Issue 11, p2051
- ISSN
1079-5006
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/gerona/glad045