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- Title
Association of pediatric cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury with post-discharge healthcare utilization, mortality and kidney outcomes.
- Authors
Nunes, Sophia; Hessey, Erin; Dorais, Marc; Perreault, Sylvie; Jouvet, Philippe; Phan, Véronique; Lacroix, Jacques; Lafrance, Jean-Philippe; Samuel, Susan; Zappitelli, Michael
- Abstract
Background: Acute kidney Injury (AKI) in children undergoing cardiac surgery (CS) is strongly associated with hospital morbidity. Post-discharge CS AKI outcomes are less clear. We evaluated associations between AKI and post-discharge (a) healthcare utilization, (b) chronic kidney disease (CKD) or hypertension and (c) mortality. Methods: This is a retrospective two-centre cohort study of children surviving to hospital discharge after CS. Primary exposures were post-operative ≥Stage 1 AKI and ≥Stage 2 AKI defined by Kidney Disease Impoving Global Outcomes. Association of AKI with time to outcomes was determined using multivariable Cox-Proportional Hazards analysis. Results: Of 350 participants included (age 3.1 (4.5) years), 180 [51.4%] developed AKI and 60 [17.1%] developed ≥Stage 2 AKI. Twenty-eight (9%) participants developed CKD or hypertension (composite outcome), and 17 (5%) died within 5 years of discharge. Post-operative ≥Stage 1 and ≥Stage 2 AKI were not associated with post-discharge hospitalizations, emergency room (ER) visits, physician visits or CKD or hypertension in adjusted analyses. A trend was observed between ≥Stage 2 AKI and mortality but was not statistically significant. In unadjusted stratified analyses, AKI was associated with post-discharge hospitalizations in children with RACHS-1 score ≥3, complex chronic disease classification and children living in urban areas. Conclusions: Post-CS AKI is not associated with post-discharge healthcare utilization, death and CKD or hypertension, though it may be associated with healthcare utilization in more complex paediatric CS children. Studies should aim to better understand post-CS healthcare utilization patterns and non-AKI risk factors for CKD, hypertension and mortality, to reduce adverse long-term outcomes after CS.
- Subjects
HYPERTENSION risk factors; MORTALITY risk factors; CARDIAC surgery; CHRONIC kidney failure; CONFIDENCE intervals; PEDIATRICS; SURGICAL complications; RETROSPECTIVE studies; MEDICAL care use; POSTOPERATIVE period; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DATA analysis software; ACUTE kidney failure; LONGITUDINAL method; PROPORTIONAL hazards models; DISEASE risk factors; CHILDREN
- Publication
Pediatric Nephrology, 2021, Vol 36, Issue 9, p2865
- ISSN
0931-041X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00467-021-04999-9