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- Title
Population analyses of amlodipine in patients living in the community and patients living in nursing homes<sup>*</sup>.
- Authors
Dongwoo Kang; Verotta, Davide; Schwartz, Janice B.
- Abstract
Objective: Our objective was to determine the effects of age, sex, and morbidity on the apparent oral clearance (CL/F) of amlodipine.Methods: Population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed on data from 211 patients receiving oral racemic amlodipine (dose of 7.2±3.6 mg/d [mean±SD]) on a long-term basis. Of the patients, 105 were men, with a mean age of 72±13 years and lean body weight (LBW) of 60.7±7.6 kg, and 106 were women, with a mean age of 79±11 years and LBW of 44.2±6.0 kg; 119 lived in the community, 20 in assisted living facilities, and 72 in nursing homes. Amlodipine was measured by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Population analyses were performed by use of NONMEM with sex, age, race, living site, alcohol intake, and concomitant medications considered as covariates. The significance of covariates was determined by likelihood ratio tests.Results: Female sex and living in a nursing home were associated with a faster CL/F compared with men and community-dwelling patients, respectively. The mean CL/F was 7.83±0.50 mL·min−1·kg−1 (LBW) in women compared with 6.31±1.01 in men and 8.68±1.00 mL·min−1·kg−1 in nursing home residents compared with 6.32±1.17 in community-dwelling patients. Increasing age was associated with decreasing CL/F only in community-dwelling patients and residents of assisted living facilities.Conclusions: In middle-aged and very old (>80 years) patients, amlodipine CL/F was faster in women compared with men and was faster in nursing home residents compared with community-dwelling patients, with increasing age decreasing CL/F only in community-dwelling patients and residents of assisted-living facilities.Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2006) 79, 114–124; doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2005.09.007
- Subjects
AMLODIPINE; CALCIUM antagonists; CARDIOVASCULAR agents; NURSING home care; NURSING care facilities; DIHYDROPYRIDINE; OLDER people
- Publication
Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2006, Vol 79, Issue 1, p114
- ISSN
0009-9236
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1016/j.clpt.2005.09.007