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- Title
Functional analysis of pheromone receptor repertoire in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda.
- Authors
Guo, Hao; Gong, Xin‐Lin; Li, Guo‐Cheng; Mo, Bao‐Tong; Jiang, Nan‐Ji; Huang, Ling‐Qiao; Wang, Chen‐Zhu
- Abstract
BACKGROUND The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a polyphagous moth species that is spreading all around the globe. It uses (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl acetate (Z9‐14:Ac) and (Z)‐7‐dodecenyl acetate (Z7‐12:Ac) (100:3.9) as essential sex pheromone components. However, our understanding of the molecular basis of pheromone detection of S. frugiperda is still incomplete. RESULTS: Herein, we identified six PRs, i.e. SfruOR6, 11, 13, 16, 56, and 62, by transcriptome sequencing. Subsequently, we heterologously expressed them in Drosophila OR67d neurons and determined their response spectra with a large panel of sex pheromones and analogs. Among them, SfruOR13‐expressing neurons strongly respond to the major sex pheromone component Z9‐14:Ac, but also comparably to (Z,E)‐9,12‐tetradecadienyl acetate (Z9,E12‐14:Ac) and weakly to (Z)‐9‐dodecenyl acetate (Z9‐12:Ac). Both SfruOR56 and SfruOR62 are specifically tuned to the minor sex pheromone component Z7‐12:Ac with varying intensities and sensitivities. In addition, SfruOR6 is activated only by Z9,E12‐14:Ac, and SfruOR16 by both (Z)‐9‐tetradecenol (Z9‐14:OH) and (Z)‐9‐tetradecenal (Z9‐14:Ald). However, the OR67d neurons expressing SfruOR11 remain silent to all compounds tested, a phenomenon commonly found in the OR11 clade of Noctuidae species. Next, using single sensillum recording, we characterized four sensilla types on the antennae of males, namely A, B, C and D types that are tuned to the ligands of PRs, thereby confirming that S. frugiperda uses both SfruOR56 and SfruOR62 to detect Z7‐12:Ac. Finally, using wind tunnel assay, we demonstrate that both Z9,E12‐14:Ac and Z9‐14:OH act as antagonists to the sex pheromone. CONCLUSION: We have deorphanized five PRs and characterized four types of sensilla responsible for the detection of pheromone compounds, providing insights into the peripheral encoding of sex pheromones in S. frugiperda.
- Subjects
FALL armyworm; FUNCTIONAL analysis; PHEROMONES; WIND tunnels; NOCTUIDAE
- Publication
Pest Management Science, 2022, Vol 78, Issue 5, p2052
- ISSN
1526-498X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/ps.6831