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- Title
Panax notoginseng for Cerebral Ischemia: A Systematic Review.
- Authors
Yang, Fei; Ma, Qing; Matsabisa, Motlalepula G.; Chabalala, Hlupheka; Braga, Fernão Castro; Tang, Minke
- Abstract
Panax notoginseng is the most widely used Chinese medicinal herb for the prevention and treatment of ischemic diseases. Its main active ingredients are saponins, including ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, and notoginsenoside R1, among others. This review provides an up-to-date overview on the pharmacological roles of P. notoginseng constituents in cerebral ischemia. The saponins of P. notoginseng induce a variety of pharmacological effects in the multiscale mechanisms of cerebral ischemic pathophysiology, including anti-inflammatory activity, reduction of oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, inhibition of amino acid excitotoxicity, reduction of intracellular calcium overload, protection of mitochondria, repairing the blood–brain barrier, and facilitation of cell regeneration. Regarding cell regeneration, P. notoginseng not only promotes the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, but also protects neurons, endothelial cells and astrocytes in cerebral ischemia. In conclusion, P. notoginseng may treat cerebrovascular diseases through multiple pharmacological effects, and the most critical ones need further investigation.
- Subjects
CELL proliferation; FIBRINOLYTIC agents; APOPTOSIS; BLOOD-brain barrier; CEREBRAL ischemia; HERBAL medicine; INFLAMMATION; CHINESE medicine; MITOCHONDRIA; MOLECULAR structure; PHYTOCHEMICALS; OXIDATIVE stress
- Publication
American Journal of Chinese Medicine, 2020, Vol 48, Issue 6, p1331
- ISSN
0192-415X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1142/S0192415X20500652