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- Title
Does the Type of Sport Influence Morphology of the Hip? A Systematic Review.
- Authors
Doran, Chantelle; Pettit, Matthew; Singh, Yash; Sunil Kumar, Karadi Hari; Khanduja, Vikas
- Abstract
Background: Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been extensively investigated and is strongly associated with athletic participation. Purpose: To assess (1) the prevalence of cam-type FAI across various sports; (2) whether kinematic variation among sports influences hip morphology; and (3) whether performance level, duration, and frequency of participation or other factors influence hip morphology in a sporting population. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic search of Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library was undertaken following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Prospective and retrospective case series, case reports, and review articles published after 1999 were screened, and those that met the inclusion criteria decided a priori were included for analysis. Results: The literature search identified 58 relevant articles involving 5683 participants. A total of 49 articles described a higher prevalence of FAI across various "hip-heavy" sports, including soccer, basketball, baseball, ice hockey, skiing, golf, and ballet. In studies including nonathlete controls, a greater prevalence of FAI was reported in 66.7% of studies (n = 8/12). The highest alpha angle was identified at the 1-o'clock position (n = 9/9) in football, skiing, golf, ice hockey, and basketball. The maximum alpha angle was located in a more lateral position in goalkeepers versus positional players in ice hockey (1 vs 1:45 o'clock). A positive correlation was also identified between the alpha angle and both age and activity level (n = 5/8 and n = 2/3, respectively) and between prevalence of FAI and both age and activity level (n = 2/2 and n = 4/5). Conclusion: Hip-heavy sports show an increased prevalence of FAI, with specific sporting activities influencing hip morphology. There is some evidence to suggest that a longer duration and higher level of training also result in an increased prevalence of FAI. Registration: CRD4202018001 (PROSPERO).
- Subjects
UNITED Kingdom; FEMORACETABULAR impingement; SPORTS participation; ONLINE information services; MEDICAL databases; SOCCER; BASEBALL; META-analysis; MEDICAL information storage &; retrieval systems; CONFIDENCE intervals; HOCKEY; HIP joint; SYSTEMATIC reviews; GOLF; BASKETBALL; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; ATHLETIC ability; MEDLINE; STATISTICAL models; ODDS ratio; GROIN pain; BALLET; KINEMATICS; SKIING
- Publication
American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2022, Vol 50, Issue 6, p1727
- ISSN
0363-5465
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/03635465211023500