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- Title
Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies using a vesicular stomatitis virus possessing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
- Authors
Tani, Hideki; Kimura, Miyuki; Tan, Long; Yoshida, Yoshihiro; Ozawa, Tatsuhiko; Kishi, Hiroyuki; Fukushi, Shuetsu; Saijo, Masayuki; Sano, Kaori; Suzuki, Tadaki; Kawasuji, Hitoshi; Ueno, Akitoshi; Miyajima, Yuki; Fukui, Yasutaka; Sakamaki, Ippei; Yamamoto, Yoshihiro; Morinaga, Yoshitomo
- Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a novel coronavirus that emerged in 2019 and is now classified in the genus Coronavirus with closely related SARS-CoV. SARS-CoV-2 is highly pathogenic in humans and is classified as a biosafety level (BSL)-3 pathogen, which makes manipulating it relatively difficult due to its infectious nature. Methods: To circumvent the need for BSL-3 laboratories, an alternative assay was developed that avoids live virus and instead uses a recombinant VSV expressing luciferase and possesses the full length or truncated spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, to measure SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies under BSL2 conditions, a chemiluminescence reduction neutralization test (CRNT) for SARS-CoV-2 was developed. The neutralization values of the serum samples collected from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 PCR-negative donors against the pseudotyped virus infection evaluated by the CRNT were compared with antibody titers determined from an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Results: The CRNT, which used whole blood collected from hospitalized patients with COVID-19, was also examined. As a result, the inhibition of pseudotyped virus infection was specifically observed in both serum and whole blood and was also correlated with the results of the IFA. Conclusions: In conclusion, the CRNT for COVID-19 is a convenient assay system that can be performed in a BSL-2 laboratory with high specificity and sensitivity for evaluating the occurrence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
- Subjects
VESICULAR stomatitis; SARS-CoV-2; VIRAL antibodies; VIRUS diseases; COVID-19; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay
- Publication
Virology Journal, 2021, Vol 18, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1743-422X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12985-021-01490-7