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- Title
Inflammation-mediated fetal injury by maternal granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and high-dose intraamniotic endotoxin in the caprine model.
- Authors
Sezik, Mekin; Köker, Afşin; Özmen, Özlem; Halıgür, Mehmet; Kaşıkçı, Duygu; Aydoğan, Ahmet; Özatik, Orhan
- Abstract
Objective: To define a novel experimental model with maternal intravenous (i.v.) granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) followed by a single- and high-dose of 20 mg intra-amniotic (IA) endotoxin to induce fetal brain injury in the preterm fetal goat. Materials and Methods: Pregnant goats (n=4) were given 50 microg/day G-CSF into the maternal jugular vein through gestational days 110-115 (term, 150 days). At gestational day 115, 20 mg of IA endotoxin was administered. Following preterm delivery at day 120 by cesarean section umbilical cord, fetal lung and brain tissues were harvested for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Inflammatory markers were evaluated in the amniotic fluid and fetal plasma. Results: Necrotizing funisitis with abundant leukocyte infiltration and fetal brain injury was induced in all the fetuses in the experimental group. Conclusion: Maternal i.v. G-CSF for 5 days followed by 20 mg of IA endotoxin is a feasible caprine model to exacerbate intrauterine inflammation.
- Subjects
GRANULOCYTE-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; ENDOTOXINS; BRAIN injuries; CEREBRAL palsy; CHORIOAMNIONITIS; FETAL membrane injuries; INFLAMMATION; GOATS as laboratory animals
- Publication
Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2019, Vol 16, Issue 1, p41
- ISSN
2149-9322
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4274/tjod.tjod.galenos.2019.92300