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- Title
Caloric Restriction-Induced Decreases in Dopamine Receptor Availability are Associated with Leptin Concentration.
- Authors
Dunn, Julia P.; Abumrad, Naji N.; Kessler, Robert M.; Patterson, Bruce W.; Li, Rui; Marks‐Shulman, Pamela; Tamboli, Robyn A.; Marks-Shulman, Pamela
- Abstract
<bold>Objective: </bold>It has been previously reported that early after Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass, dopamine (DA) type 2 and 3 receptor (D2/3R) binding potential (BPND ) was decreased from preoperative levels. The current study aimed to determine whether calorie restriction without weight loss modifies D2/3R BPND and whether such changes are explained by neuroendocrine regulation.<bold>Methods: </bold>Fifteen females with obesity (BMI = 39 ± 6 kg/m2 ) were studied before and after ∼10 days of a very-low-calorie-diet (VLCD). Outcome measures included fasting insulin, leptin, acyl ghrelin, and glucose, and insulin sensitivity and disposition index were estimated using the oral-minimal model (OMM) method. Participants underwent positron emission tomography scanning with the displaceable radioligand [18 F]fallypride to estimate available regional D2/3R levels. Regions of interest included the caudate, putamen, ventral striatum, hypothalamus, and substantia nigra (SN).<bold>Results: </bold>With the VLCD, weight decreased slightly (-3 kg). Insulin, glucose, and leptin decreased significantly, but there was no change in acyl ghrelin or measures from OMM. SN D2/3R BPND decreased significantly, with trends toward decreased levels in the remaining regions. The decrease in leptin concentration strongly predicted the change in D2/3R BPND in all regions (all P ≤ 0.004).<bold>Conclusions: </bold>In obesity, reductions in regional D2/3R availability after VLCD are suggestive of increased endogenous DA competing with the radioligand. Changes in regional D2/3R availability were associated with decreases in leptin concentrations that occurred before clinically significant weight loss.
- Subjects
DOPAMINE receptors; OBESITY; LEPTIN; LOW-calorie diet; POSITRON emission tomography; BRAIN metabolism; CELL receptors; DIET therapy; RESEARCH funding
- Publication
Obesity (19307381), 2017, Vol 25, Issue 11, p1910
- ISSN
1930-7381
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1002/oby.22023