We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Cardiac and Renal Involvement in Metabolic Syndrome.
- Authors
Ramadan, Mahmoud; El-Shahat, Nader; Omar, Ashraf; Hassan, Rashad
- Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a constellation of ≥3 linked cardiovascular risk factors (RFs), which is associated with increased cardiovascular events and type-2 diabetes. Objective We aimed to investigate the possible association between subclinical target organ (cardiac and renal) damage and MS in a representative group of healthy population. Methods We studied 1,109 healthy subjects (337 males and 772 females) aged ≥40 years, not under treatment for any chronic diseases, who accompany their relatives or friends in the inpatient wards and outpatient clinics of Mansoura University Hospital and Medicine Specialized Hospital from October 2009 until September 2011. MS was defined according to NCEP-ATPIII criteria. Abnormal serum creatinine (SCr) level was defined as that ≥1.2mg/dL; and together with dipstick proteinuria ≥1+, they were considered as indicators of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was diagnosed by Cornell voltage-duration product (>2440mV.ms) on electrocardiography (ECG); and was considered a sign of cardiac involvement. We relied on ECG because neither echocardiography nor echocardiographers were readily available in all subjects' recruitment places at all times. Results MS was found in 178(16%) subjects while 931(84%) subjects were MS-free. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) were significantly higher in MS group compared to non-MS. The prevalence of abnormal SCr level was higher in MS group (2.1%) compared to non-MS (0.9%; p-value non-significant); and the same was found for proteinuria (5.2% for MS vs. 2.2% for non-MS subjects; p= 0.044). The prevalence of LVH was not associated with MS; even it showed a trend to decrease with increasing the RF number from 0 to 5 (p-for-trend <0.05). Conclusions Renal but not cardiac involvement is closely associated with MS; and this relationship is graded and linear; that the higher the number of MS components, the greater the prevalence of CKD.
- Subjects
METABOLIC syndrome; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; TYPE 2 diabetes risk factors; CHRONIC kidney failure; PROTEINURIA; DISEASE prevalence; HYPERTROPHY; DISEASE risk factors
- Publication
Heart Mirror Journal, 2013, Vol 7, Issue 2, p129
- ISSN
1687-6652
- Publication type
Article