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- Title
CHANGES OF METHODS AND THEIR DEVELOPERS IN FINNISH MUSIC EDUCATION 1863-1969.
- Authors
RAUTIAINEN, Katri-Helena
- Abstract
The chief task of this analytic-historical research was to examine the development of methods of teaching singing and the developers of methods in Finland's Teacher Training Colleges and elementary schools in years 1863-1969. This research article was limited only to general development lines. Teaching was mostly based on singing by ear. In addition to this method the interval method and Chevé's numerical method were also used. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the Dessirier-Wegelius and the Anjou-Nyberg pattern method were created, which experienced changes in the hands of A. Törnudd in the 1910s. The patterns were to be used only when the scale and the triad were not enough. Another reformer of the pattern method was P. af Heurlin, who replaced the syllables with numbers. In the 1920s the most significant developer was V. Siukonen. The starting point of this analytic-synthetic method was singing by ear, from which the accented tone, duration and rhythm were analyzed. O. Ingman (1952) started using the toonika-do ear training method as well as a method based on the German Werlé's pedagogy. School instruments were included in the teaching in the 1960s, when Orff-ish influences as well as influences of the Kodály ear-training method could be seen. Closer scrutiny was given to songbooks, teaching of singing, archive material, periodicals of that time, and developers of methods. The main emphasis of the research was on the examination of didactics and methods.
- Subjects
FINLAND; MUSIC education; TRAINING of music teachers; TRAINING; TEACHING
- Publication
Problems in Music Pedagogy, 2011, Vol 8, p15
- ISSN
1691-2721
- Publication type
Article