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- Title
Influence of Variable Chloride/Sulfur Doses as Part of Potassium Fertilization on Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Coffee.
- Authors
Ramirez-Builes, Victor Hugo; Küsters, Jürgen; Thiele, Ellen; Leal-Varon, Luis Alfredo; Arteta-Vizcaino, Jorge
- Abstract
Chloride (Cl−) is applied in coffee at rates as a "macronutrient" in the form of muriate of potash (MOP). Potassium (K+) is one of the most demanded nutrients by the coffee plant, and MOP is one of the most used fertilizers in coffee production. No scientific evidence shows how Cl− applied with MOP influences coffee growth, nutrient uptake, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). In order to address these questions, a greenhouse trial over two years and a field trial over four years were conducted. The trials were designed to test the influence of variable Cl−/S ratios on biomass accumulation, nutrient uptake, and NUE. A significant effect of the Cl− rates on growth was observed under greenhouse conditions but a non-significant effect on yield under field conditions. Cl− and S significantly influenced the NUE in coffee. The results allow us to conclude that Cl− rates need to be balanced with S rates, and that Cl− applied at macronutrient rates can improve the NUE in coffee between 7 and 21% in greenhouse conditions and between 9% and 14% in field conditions, as long as the rates do not exceed 180 mg L−1 Cl− and 80 mg·L−1 S in the greenhouse and 150 kg·ha−1·year−1 Cl− and 50 kg ha−1·year−1 S in the field. With the aim to improve the NUE in coffee, the Cl− content in leaves in coffee should be lower than 0.33% of dry matter, and in soil lower than 30 mg·L−1. In practical terms, coffee farmers need to balance K-based fertilizers to avoid the excessive Cl− applications that reduce the nutrient use efficiency, especially the NUE.
- Subjects
POTASSIUM chloride; COFFEE; NUTRIENT uptake; SULFUR; PLANT nutrients; POTASSIUM; NITROGEN in soils; POTASSIUM fertilizers
- Publication
Plants (2223-7747), 2023, Vol 12, Issue 10, p2033
- ISSN
2223-7747
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/plants12102033