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- Title
Chloroplast aggregation during the cold-positioning response in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.
- Authors
Tanaka, Hiroyuki; Sato, Mayuko; Ogasawara, Yuka; Hamashima, Noriko; Buchner, Othmar; Holzinger, Andreas; Toyooka, Kiminori; Kodama, Yutaka
- Abstract
Under low-light conditions, chloroplasts localize along periclinal cell walls at temperatures near 20 °C, but they localize along anticlinal cell walls near 5 °C. This phenomenon is known as the cold-positioning response. We previously showed that chloroplasts move as aggregates rather than individually during the cold-positioning response in the fern Adiantum capillus-veneris. This observation suggested that chloroplasts physically interact with each other during the cold-positioning response. However, the physiological processes underlying chloroplast aggregation are unclear. In this report, we characterized chloroplast aggregation during the cold-positioning response in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. Confocal laser microscopy observations of transgenic liverwort plants expressing a fluorescent fusion protein that localizes to the chloroplast outer envelope membrane (OEP7-Citrine) showed that neighboring chloroplast membranes did not fuse during the cold-positioning response. Transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that a distance of at least 10 nm was maintained between neighboring chloroplasts during aggregation. These results indicate that aggregated chloroplasts do not fuse, but maintain a distance of at least 10 nm from each other during the cold-positioning response.
- Subjects
CHLOROPLASTS; MARCHANTIA polymorpha; PLANT cell walls; CHIMERIC proteins; TRANSMISSION electron microscopy; PLANT physiology
- Publication
Journal of Plant Research, 2017, Vol 130, Issue 6, p1061
- ISSN
0918-9440
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10265-017-0958-9