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- Title
Association between psychological factors and molar–incisor hypomineralization: A cross‐sectional study.
- Authors
Mafla, Ana Cristina; Orozco‐Tovar, Ana Elizabeth; Ortiz‐Gómez, Floralba; Ortiz‐Pizán, Álvaro Javier; González‐Ruano, Andrea Viviana; Schwendicke, Falk
- Abstract
Background: Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a developmental enamel defect characterized by opacities from white to brownish color. A suspected multifactorial etiology has been suggested, whereas psychological factors during pregnancy have only been limitedly analyzed. Aim: We assessed the association between stress, depression, and anxiety in pregnancy and the presence of MIH in children at a later age. Design: Using a cross‐sectional Web‐based questionnaire, we included 384 mothers who had children aged 6 and 12 years from Pasto, Colombia. Data were collected between October 2021 and March 2022. Sociodemographic variables; maternal and child factors related to prenatal, natal, or postnatal problems; and psychological factors such as stress and symptoms of anxiety and depression in pregnancy were inquired. Utilizing photographs depicting MIH lesions, mothers assessed their child's MIH status. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) analysis was performed to create causal assumptions, and logistic regression models were estimated to evaluate these assumptions. p‐value was set at p <.05. Results: The prevalence of MIH was 33.3%; 12.8% of the participants exhibited hypomineralization in both molars and incisors. DAG analysis and logistic regression models determined that MIH (present or not) was associated with symptoms of maternal depression (ORadj = 3.26, 95% CI: 1.92–5.52, p <.001), and MIH (both molars and incisors) was associated with symptoms of maternal anxiety (ORadj = 3.49, 95% CI: 1.80–6.76, p <.001). Conclusion: Psychological factors, among others, were significantly associated with the presence of MIH.
- Subjects
COLOMBIA; MOLARS; CROSS-sectional method; MEDICAL care; QUESTIONNAIRES; MOTHERS; CHILD health services; PUERPERIUM; LOGISTIC regression analysis; ANXIETY; INTERNET; PHOTOGRAPHY; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DISEASE prevalence; POSTPARTUM depression; INCISORS; PRENATAL care; ODDS ratio; TOOTH demineralization; PSYCHOLOGICAL stress; MATHEMATICAL models; CHILDREN'S dental care; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors; THEORY; CONFIDENCE intervals; MENTAL depression; PSYCHOSOCIAL factors; PREGNANCY
- Publication
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 2024, Vol 34, Issue 4, p442
- ISSN
0960-7439
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/ipd.13142