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- Title
Exercise-Regulated Mitochondrial and Nuclear Signalling Networks in Skeletal Muscle.
- Authors
Reisman, Elizabeth G.; Hawley, John A.; Hoffman, Nolan J.
- Abstract
Exercise perturbs energy homeostasis in skeletal muscle and engages integrated cellular signalling networks to help meet the contraction-induced increases in skeletal muscle energy and oxygen demand. Investigating exercise-associated perturbations in skeletal muscle signalling networks has uncovered novel mechanisms by which exercise stimulates skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes whole-body health and fitness. While acute exercise regulates a complex network of protein post-translational modifications (e.g. phosphorylation) in skeletal muscle, previous investigations of exercise signalling in human and rodent skeletal muscle have primarily focused on a select group of exercise-regulated protein kinases [i.e. 5ʹ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase A (PKA), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)] and only a small subset of their respective protein substrates. Recently, global mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic approaches have helped unravel the extensive complexity and interconnection of exercise signalling pathways and kinases beyond this select group and phosphorylation and/or translocation of exercise-regulated mitochondrial and nuclear protein substrates. This review provides an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the molecular events associated with acute endurance exercise-regulated signalling pathways and kinases in skeletal muscle with a focus on phosphorylation. We critically appraise recent evidence highlighting the involvement of mitochondrial and nuclear protein phosphorylation and/or translocation in skeletal muscle adaptive responses to an acute bout of endurance exercise that ultimately stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and contribute to exercise's wider health and fitness benefits.
- Subjects
MITOCHONDRIAL physiology; EXERCISE physiology; PROTEINS; MITOGEN-activated protein kinases; SKELETAL muscle; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN kinases; CELL physiology; CELLULAR signal transduction; EXERCISE intensity; CELL nuclei; ENDURANCE sports training; PHOSPHOPROTEINS
- Publication
Sports Medicine, 2024, Vol 54, Issue 5, p1097
- ISSN
0112-1642
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s40279-024-02007-2