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- Title
Evaluation of In Vitro and In Vivo Antiviral Activities of Vitamin D for SARS-CoV-2 and Variants.
- Authors
Mok, Chee-Keng; Ng, Yan Ling; Ahidjo, Bintou Ahmadou; Aw, Zhen Qin; Chen, Huixin; Wong, Yi Hao; Lee, Regina Ching Hua; Loe, Marcus Wing Choy; Liu, Jing; Tan, Kai Sen; Kaur, Parveen; Wang, De Yun; Hao, Erwei; Hou, Xiaotao; Tan, Yong Wah; Deng, Jiagang; Chu, Justin Jang Hann
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about unprecedented medical and healthcare challenges worldwide. With the continual emergence and spread of new COVID-19 variants, four drug compound libraries were interrogated for their antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we show that the drug screen has resulted in 121 promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 compounds, of which seven were further shortlisted for hit validation: citicoline, pravastatin sodium, tenofovir alafenamide, imatinib mesylate, calcitriol, dexlansoprazole, and prochlorperazine dimaleate. In particular, the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, exhibits strong potency against SARS-CoV-2 on cell-based assays and is shown to work by modulating the vitamin D receptor pathway to increase antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin expression. However, the weight, survival rate, physiological conditions, histological scoring, and virus titre between SARS-CoV-2 infected K18-hACE2 mice pre-treated or post-treated with calcitriol were negligible, indicating that the differential effects of calcitriol may be due to differences in vitamin D metabolism in mice and warrants future investigation using other animal models.
- Subjects
VITAMIN D; PEPTIDE antibiotics; SARS-CoV-2; VITAMIN D receptors; ANTIVIRAL agents; ANTIMICROBIAL peptides; VITAMIN D metabolism; AVIAN influenza
- Publication
Pharmaceutics, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 3, p925
- ISSN
1999-4923
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/pharmaceutics15030925