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- Title
Hallauer's Tusón: a decade of selection for tropical-to-temperate phenological adaptation in maize.
- Authors
Teixeira, J. E. C.; Weldekidan, T.; de Leon, N.; Flint-Garcia, S.; Holland, J. B.; Lauter, N.; Murray, S. C.; Xu, W.; Hessel, D. A.; Kleintop, A. E.; Hawk, J. A.; Hallauer, A.; Wisser, R. J.
- Abstract
Crop species exhibit an astounding capacity for environmental adaptation, but genetic bottlenecks resulting from intense selection for adaptation and productivity can lead to a genetically vulnerable crop. Improving the genetic resiliency of temperate maize depends upon the use of tropical germplasm, which harbors a rich source of natural allelic diversity. Here, the adaptation process was studied in a tropical maize population subjected to 10 recurrent generations of directional selection for early flowering in a single temperate environment in Iowa, USA. We evaluated the response to this selection across a geographical range spanning from 43.05° (Wl) to 18.00° (PR) latitude. The capacity for an all-tropical maize population to become adapted to a temperate environment was revealed in a marked fashion: on average, families from generation 10 flowered 20 days earlier than families in generation 0, with a nine-day separation between the latest generation 10 family and the earliest generation 0 family. Results suggest that adaptation was primarily due to selection on genetic main effects tailored to temperature-dependent plasticity in flowering time. Genotype-by-environment interactions represented a relatively small component of the phenotypic variation in flowering time, but were sufficient to produce a signature of localized adaptation that radiated latitudinally, in partial association with daylength and temperature, from the original location of selection. Furthermore, the original population exhibited a maladaptive syndrome including excessive ear and plant heights along with later flowering; this was reduced in frequency by selection for flowering time.
- Subjects
IOWA; CORN; PHENOLOGY; BIOCLIMATOLOGY; CROPS; PLANT species; PLANT population genetics
- Publication
Heredity, 2015, Vol 114, Issue 2, p229
- ISSN
0018-067X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/hdy.2014.90