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- Title
Chlorine decay in water supply pipelines: impact of nitrogen concentration in the source waters.
- Authors
Neto, Iran E. Lima; Azevedo, Larissa A. D.; Júnior, Celso L. Ximenes; Shao Yu; Tingchao Yu; Tuqiao Zhang
- Abstract
Chlorine decay in two water mains in the Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza, Brazil was measured and modeled. Consistent bulk and wall decay constants were obtained. The time-variations of chlorine decay suggest that nitrogen concentration in the source waters has a significant impact on chlorine consumption. This has been attributed to potential reactions with nitrogenous material. Correlations were proposed for prediction of the bulk and wall decay constants as functions of the nitrogen concentration and relative roughness of the pipes, respectively. Model simulations better fitted the experimental data than assuming constant decay. Moreover, instead of using an approximately constant chlorine concentration at the water treatment plant outlet, as currently done by the water utility company, the simulations revealed that the management goal of 0.2 mg/L can be met at network extremities, without the need for rechlorination along the system, by setting optimum values of chlorine as a function of nitrogen concentration.
- Subjects
FORTALEZA (Brazil); WATER chlorination; WATER pipelines; WATER supply; WATER treatment plants; DECAY constants; CHLORINE
- Publication
Desalination & Water Treatment, 2022, Vol 254, p160
- ISSN
1944-3994
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5004/dwt.2022.28377