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- Title
Small dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol is a promising biomarker for secondary prevention in older men with stable coronary artery disease.
- Authors
Sakai, Koshiro; Koba, Shinji; Nakamura, Yuya; Yokota, Yuya; Tsunoda, Fumiyoshi; Shoji, Makoto; Itoh, Yasuki; Hamazaki, Yuji; Kobayashi, Youichi
- Abstract
Aim: The study objective was to investigate whether small dense low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL‐C) is superior to low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and other biomarkers to predict future cardiovascular events (CE) in secondary prevention. Methods: sdLDL‐C measured by a homogeneous assay, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL particle diameter and other biomarkers were compared in 345 men aged ≥65 years with stable coronary artery disease. Baseline LDL‐C was 100.5 ± 30.1 mg/dL. CE including cardiovascular death, onset of acute coronary syndrome, need for arterial revascularization, hospitalization for heart failure, surgery procedure for cardiovascular disease and hospitalization for stroke were monitored for 5 years. Results: CE occurred in 96 patients during the study period. LDL‐C, sdLDL‐C non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, remnant lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, glycated hemoglobin and brain natriuretic peptide were significantly higher; LDL particle diameter and apolipoprotein A‐1 were significantly lower in patients with than in those without CE. Age‐adjusted Cox regression analysis showed that sdLDL‐C per 10 mg/dL, but not LDL‐C, was significantly associated with CE (HR 1.206, 95% CI 1.006–1.446). A significant association of sdLDL‐C and incident CE was observed in statin users (HR 1.252, 95% CI 1.017–1.540), diabetes patients (HR 1.219, 95% CI 1.018–1.460), patients without diabetes (HR 1.257, 95% CI 1.019–1.551) and patients with hypertriglyceridemia (HR 1. 376, 95% CI 1.070–1.770). Conclusions: sdLDL‐C was the most effective predictor of residual risk of future CE in stable coronary artery disease patients using statins and in high‐risk coronary artery disease patients with diabetes or hypertriglyceridemia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 965–972.
- Subjects
CARDIOVASCULAR disease related mortality; CORONARY heart disease prevention; STATINS (Cardiovascular agents); AGE distribution; APOLIPOPROTEINS; BIOMARKERS; BLOOD sugar; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors; CARDIOVASCULAR surgery; CONFIDENCE intervals; CORONARY disease; PEOPLE with diabetes; GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin; HEART failure; HOSPITAL care; HYPERLIPIDEMIA; IMMUNOASSAY; LOW density lipoproteins; PEPTIDE hormones; REGRESSION analysis; SEX distribution; STROKE; DISEASE incidence; PROPORTIONAL hazards models; REVASCULARIZATION (Surgery); ODDS ratio; OLD age
- Publication
Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 2018, Vol 18, Issue 6, p965
- ISSN
1444-1586
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/ggi.13287