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- Title
New Trypanosoma cruzi transmission scenarios in the department of Boyacá, Colombia after the interruption of transmission by Rhodnius prolixus.
- Authors
Cantillo-Barraza, Omar; Zuluaga, Sara; Medina, Manuel; Triana-Chávez, Omar
- Abstract
In Colombia, the Chagas Disease (CD) interruption program has had its most tremendous success in the department of Boyac'a with the certification by PAHO-WHO as free of intradomiciliary Rhodnius prolixus transmission in 24 municipalities. However, reinfestation by native triatomine species puts the advanced process at risk due to secondary species' reactivation or maintenance of transmission. In this study, we conducted entomological surveillance and spatial distribution of triatomines in 52 municipalities where a sustained insecticide intervention was done to achieve PAHO-WHO certification. Using molecular methods in triatomines, an eco-epidemiological study was conducted in the two areas of the department with the highest reinfestation, to determine the transmission cycles in which the native vector populations participate. Identification of food sources, rate of natural infection, circulating T. cruzi genotypes, and serological and molecular in domestic dogs were also analyzed. We observed two distribution clusters, the first one in the Northeastern department area, with a high presence and domiciliation of Triatoma dimidiata, and the second in the Southwestern area, with a predominance and domiciliation of Triatoma venosa. In the reinfestation by T. dimidiata region, high entomological rates were found in homes and peridomiciles, with natural infection of 40%, and predominance of TcI Dom in vectors and humans as the only source of blood intake for this species. Domestic dogs had a seroprevalence of 4.6 %, while T. cruzi DNA could not be detected by PCR. On the other hand, in the Southwestern area, an infestation was found that was more associated with the peridomicile. The natural infection in the T. venosa vector was 13.9 %, and only TcI sylvatic was detected. In this new scenario, we identified four food sources: humans, dogs, rats, and chickens. The seroprevalence in dogs was 46.5%, and 36.4% of infected dogs were positive PCR for T. cruzi in blood. T.dimidiata and T. venosa have become the main insect vectors in transmitting T. cruzi after the elimination of R. prolixus. Molecular analysis was able to identify areas of parasite transmission. T. dimidiata is associated with domestic transmission cycles but with the ability to connect both transmission cycles (domesticwild). In this scenario, dogs play a secondary role in local ecoepidemiology. Meanwhile, T. venosa is associated with the peridomicile from where it maintains enzootic transmission, and dogs have an active role as reservoirs. The development of these studies raises intervention priorities for the department to consolidate the CD control program.
- Subjects
COLOMBIA; RHODNIUS prolixus; TRYPANOSOMA cruzi; DOGS; CHAGAS' disease; TRIATOMA; CONENOSES; RATS
- Publication
Actualidades Biológicas, 2022, Vol 44, p43
- ISSN
0304-3584
- Publication type
Article