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- Title
Efficacy of folic acid as an adjunct to lithium therapy on manic-like behaviors, oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters in an animal model of mania.
- Authors
Menegas, Samira; Dal-Pont, Gustavo C.; Cararo, José H.; Varela, Roger B.; Aguiar-Geraldo, Jorge M.; Possamai-Della, Taise; Andersen, Monica L.; Quevedo, João; Valvassori, Samira S.
- Abstract
Evaluate the efficacy of folic acid (FA) as a therapeutic adjunct to lithium (Li) on the manic-like behaviors as well as parameters of oxidative stress and inflammation in an animal model of mania induced by m-amphetamine (m-AMPH). Wistar rats first received m-AMPH or saline (NaCl 0.9%, Sal) for 14 days. Between the 8th and 14th day, rats were treated with water, Li, FA or a combination of thereof drugs (Li + FA). Manic-like behaviors were assessed in the open-field test. Oxidative stress and inflammation parameters were assessed in the frontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampus. Administration of m-AMPH in rats significantly enhanced the exploratory and locomotor behaviors, as well as the risk-taking and stereotypic behaviors. Li + FA reversed these behavioral alterations elicited by m-AMPH. Administration of this psychostimulant also increased oxidative damage to lipids and proteins, whereas Li + FA reversed these oxidative damages. m-AMPH also induced an increase in the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and a decrease in the glutathione reductase (GR) activity. Li + FA reversed the alteration in GR activity, but not in GPx activity. In addition, m-AMPH increased the IL-1β and TNF-α levels in the rat brain; Li + FA combined therapy reversed the alterations on these inflammatory parameters. FA administration per se reduced the increased TNF-α content induced by m-AMPH. Present study provides evidence that FA is effective as an adjunct to Li standard therapy on manic-like behaviors, oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters in a model of mania induced by m-AMPH.
- Subjects
OXIDATIVE stress; BEHAVIOR therapy; ANIMAL models of inflammation; FOLIC acid; RISK-taking behavior; MANIA
- Publication
Metabolic Brain Disease, 2020, Vol 35, Issue 2, p413
- ISSN
0885-7490
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11011-019-00503-3