We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
BAL ARILARININ VİRAL HASTALIKLARI.
- Authors
TUNCER, Pelin; YEŞİLBAĞ, Kadir
- Abstract
Goal: The goal of this review is to summarize viral diseases of honey bees. Observation of indemonstrable colony collapse disorders in several countries considered as a very important problem which may affect the biological equilibrium. Colony losses were initially attributed solely to mite infestation, but observations during the last decades suggested that certain honey bee viruses are responsible for much of the mortality observed in infested colonies. Until now 18 viruses causing infection in honey bees have been determined. The most important are; deformed wing virus, sacbrood virus, black queen cell virus, Kashmir bee virus, chronic bee paralysis virus, acute bee paralysis virus, Thai sacbrood virus, slow paralysis virus and Israeli acute paralysis virus. First six of these agents are most encountered bee viruses in the world and the data about honey bee viruses are acquired by researches conducted on these agents. In this review article general information and recent developments on deformed wing virus, sacbrood virus, Thai sacbrood virus, black queen cell virus and Kashmere bee virus are given. Moreover, disease symptoms and recent developments are described. Discussion and Conclusion: Deformed wing virus cause disease conditions mainly in adult bees while it may also infect other development stages including pupa. Infected adult bees show wrinkles and color loss on the wings and the body of infected bee is getting smaller than the non-infected bees. Virus propagation is very slow and death due to this infection is very rare in pupas. There is a clear relationship demonstrated between deformed wing virus and presence of varroa infestation in the colony. Contrary to deformed wing virus, disease conditions due to sacbrood virus mainly shown in larva and white color of larva is typically turn to yellowish-brown. Combs in the infected colonies are shown as puzzle. Incidence of sacbrood virus infection increases in the spring. It is not clear whether or not this virus transmitted by varroa. Black queen cell virus may infect all life stages of bees, but the incidence of infection is more common in adults. It is transmission is mainly related to the parasite Nosema apis. After infection by black queen cell virus prepupas, pupas and queen of the colony may die and their color will turn to dark-brown. The most virulent agent among honey bee viruses is Kashmere bee virus whish was first demonstrated in Asian honey bees (A.cerena). But later, it is distribution in A. mellifera colonies in many countries have been described. Kashmere bee virus cause trilling, in-coordination and death of infected bees. These symptoms are generally found in young bees because virus leads to persistent infection in adults.
- Subjects
HONEYBEE diseases; VIRUS diseases; COLONIES; PUPAE; INSECT development
- Publication
Uludag Bee Journal, 2009, Vol 9, Issue 4, p149
- ISSN
1303-0248
- Publication type
Article