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- Title
Engineered Sorghum Bagasse Enables a Sustainable Biorefinery with p‐Hydroxybenzoic Acid‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvent.
- Authors
Wang, Yunxuan; Meng, Xianzhi; Tian, Yang; Kim, Kwang Ho; Jia, Linjing; Pu, Yunqiao; Leem, Gyu; Kumar, Deepak; Eudes, Aymerick; Ragauskas, Arthur J.; Yoo, Chang Geun
- Abstract
Integrating multidisciplinary research in plant genetic engineering and renewable deep eutectic solvents (DESs) can facilitate a sustainable and economic biorefinery. Herein, we leveraged a plant genetic engineering approach to specifically incorporate C6C1 monomers into the lignin structure. By expressing the bacterial ubiC gene in sorghum, p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (PB)‐rich lignin was incorporated into the plant cell wall while this monomer was completely absent in the lignin of the wild‐type (WT) biomass. A DES was synthesized with choline chloride (ChCl) and PB and applied to the pretreatment of the PB‐rich mutant biomass for a sustainable biorefinery. The release of fermentable sugars was significantly enhanced (∼190 % increase) compared to untreated biomass by the DES pretreatment. In particular, the glucose released from the pretreated mutant biomass was up to 12 % higher than that from the pretreated WT biomass. Lignin was effectively removed from the biomass with the preservation of more than half of the β‐Ο‐4 linkages without condensed aromatic structures. Hydrogenolysis of the fractionated lignin was conducted to demonstrate the potential of phenolic compound production. In addition, a simple hydrothermal treatment could selectively extract PB from the same engineered lignin, showing a possible circular biorefinery. These results suggest that the combination of PB‐based DES and engineered PB‐rich biomass is a promising strategy to achieve a sustainable closed‐loop biorefinery.
- Subjects
LIGNINS; PLANT cell walls; BAGASSE; EUTECTICS; SORGHUM; LIGNIN structure; GENETIC engineering; CHOLINE chloride
- Publication
ChemSusChem, 2021, Vol 14, Issue 23, p5235
- ISSN
1864-5631
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/cssc.202101492