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- Title
HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Variants from the Female Genital Tract and Plasma.
- Authors
Kemal, Kimdar Sherefa; Burger, Harold; Mayers, Douglas; Anastos, Kathryn; Foley, Brian; Kitchen, Christina; Huggins, Penelope; Schroeder, Tamara; Picchio, Gaston; Back, Sara; Wei Gao; Meyer, III, William A.; Weiser, Barbara
- Abstract
Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug-resistance mutations may arise in a fraction of viral variants, and these variants may differ between compartments, including the genital tract and blood. Methods. We studied 14 women with detectable HIV-1 in both the genital tract and plasma despite antiretroviral treatment. We obtained HIV-1 RNA sequences from 280 unique viral variants and then determined the resistance genotype and the predicted phenotype (Virtual Phenotype; Virco BVBA) of each variant. Results. Eight patients (57%) displayed mutations conferring high-level HIV-1 drug resistance. Although we observed differences in specific mutations among viral variants, 13 of the 14 women showed highly concordant HIV-1 genotypic and predicted phenotypic resistance patterns in the 2 compartments. In 1 patient, resistance mutations appeared only in plasma; all variants in her genital tract, which displayed a low viral load, were susceptible. Conclusions. These data suggest that, for the majority of women, determination of HIV-1 drug resistance in the plasma will approximate the drug-resistance pattern in the genital tract. Analysis of individual variants enabled us to identify minority species bearing distinctive linked mutations, which may serve as a source of novel resistance genotypes. These data are relevant to clinical management and the evolution of drug resistance.
- Subjects
HIV; ANTI-HIV agents; DRUG resistance; VIRAL mutation; EFFECT of drugs on viruses
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2007, Vol 195, Issue 4, p535
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1086/510855