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- Title
Pigmentation and growth performance in the blue gourami, Trichogaster trichopterus, fed marigold, Calendula officinalis, powder, a natural carotenoid source.
- Authors
Jorjani, Maryam; Sharif Rohani, Mostafa; Mirhashemi Rostami, Amin; Ako, Harry; Tan Shau Hwai, Aileen
- Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effects of different levels of marigold, Calendula officinalis, powder, 0 (control), 0.5% (M0.5), 1.5% (M1.5), and 2.5% (M2.5), on pigmentation and growth performance of the blue gourami after a 70‐day trial. At the end of the experiment, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in fish growth performance and body compositions. Color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) were weekly evaluated by examining a point posterior to the fish operculum. The marigold‐fed fish were darker than the control fish at Weeks 9 and 10. Yellowness intensity of the M2.5 was significantly higher than the other treatments at Week 9. Skin and caudal fin total carotenoids, astaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and β‐carotene contents of the treatment M2.5 were significantly different (p < 0.05) compared to the other treatments. Muscle total carotenoids, astaxanthin, and canthaxanthin contents of the marigold‐treated fish were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the control group. Muscle β‐carotene contents of the treatments M1.5 and M2.5 were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the control group. This study shows that marigold powder may be considered an efficient natural carotenoid source for pigmentation in blue gourami.
- Subjects
BOARD of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.); CALENDULA officinalis; ASTAXANTHIN; CAROTENOIDS; ANIMAL coloration; MARIGOLDS; BODY composition; POWDERS; ASPARAGUS
- Publication
Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 2019, Vol 50, Issue 4, p789
- ISSN
0893-8849
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/jwas.12562