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- Title
Human cell surface-AAV interactomes identify LRP6 as blood-brain barrier transcytosis receptor and immune cytokine IL3 as AAV9 binder.
- Authors
Shay, Timothy F.; Jang, Seongmin; Brittain, Tyler J.; Chen, Xinhong; Walker, Beth; Tebbutt, Claire; Fan, Yujie; Wolfe, Damien A.; Arokiaraj, Cynthia M.; Sullivan, Erin E.; Ding, Xiaozhe; Wang, Ting-Yu; Lei, Yaping; Chuapoco, Miguel R.; Chou, Tsui-Fen; Gradinaru, Viviana
- Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are foundational gene delivery tools for basic science and clinical therapeutics. However, lack of mechanistic insight, especially for engineered vectors created by directed evolution, can hamper their application. Here, we adapt an unbiased human cell microarray platform to determine the extracellular and cell surface interactomes of natural and engineered AAVs. We identify a naturally-evolved and serotype-specific interaction between the AAV9 capsid and human interleukin 3 (IL3), with possible roles in host immune modulation, as well as lab-evolved low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6) interactions specific to engineered capsids with enhanced blood-brain barrier crossing in non-human primates after intravenous administration. The unbiased cell microarray screening approach also allows us to identify off-target tissue binding interactions of engineered brain-enriched AAV capsids that may inform vectors' peripheral organ tropism and side effects. Our cryo-electron tomography and AlphaFold modeling of capsid-interactor complexes reveal LRP6 and IL3 binding sites. These results allow confident application of engineered AAVs in diverse organisms and unlock future target-informed engineering of improved viral and non-viral vectors for non-invasive therapeutic delivery to the brain. Engineered adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) aim to improve safety and potency for use in gene therapy but mechanisms underlying these features are poorly understood. Here, authors use unbiased screens to identify an interaction with the human immune system and a determinant of enhanced brain potency.
- Subjects
BLOOD-brain barrier; BINDING sites; ADENO-associated virus; INTRAVENOUS therapy; GENE therapy; GENETIC vectors
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2024, Vol 15, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-024-52149-0