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- Title
Integrative approach to mitigate chromium toxicity in soil and enhance antioxidant activities in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using magnesium–iron nanocomposite and Staphylococcus aureus strains.
- Authors
Ali, Muhammad Azhar; Sardar, Muhammad Fahad; Dar, Afzal Ahmed; Niaz, Mohsin; Ali, Jawad; Wang, Qian; Zheng, Yu; Luo, Yadan; Albasher, Gadah; Li, Fengmin
- Abstract
Pollutants in soil, particularly chromium (Cr), pose high environmental and health risks due to their persistence, bioavailability, and potential for causing toxicity. Cr impairment in plants act as a deleterious environmental pollutant that enters the food chain and eventually disturbs human health. Current study demonstrated the potential of integrative foliar application of magnesium–iron (Mg + Fe) nanocomposite with Staphylococcus aureus strains to alleviate Cr toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa) crops by improving yield and defense system. Growth and yield traits such as shoot length (15%), root length (17%), shoot fresh weight (14%), shoot dry weight (9%), root fresh weight (23%), root dry weight (7%), number of tillers (33%), number of grains (10%) and spike length (13%) improved by combined application of Mg + Fe (20 mg L−1) nanocomposite and S. aureus strains with Cr (110 mg kg−1), compared to when applied alone. Mutual Mg + Fe and S. aureus strains application augmented the SPAD value (9%), total chlorophyll (11%), a (12%), b (17%), and carotenoids (32%), with Cr (110 mg kg−1), compared to alone. Malondialdehyde (13%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (11%), and electrolyte leakage (7%) were significantly regulated in shoots with combined Mg + Fe and S. aureus strains application with Cr (110 mg kg−1) contrasted to alone. Peroxidase (20%), superoxide dismutase (17%), ascorbate peroxidase (18%), and catalase (20%) were increased in shoots with combined Mg + Fe and S. aureus strains application with Cr (110 mg kg−1) in comparison to alone. The combined application of Mg + Fe (20 mgL−1) nanocomposite and S. aureus strains with Cr (110 mg kg−1) enhanced the macro-micronutrients in shoots compared to alone. Cr accumulation in roots (21%), shoots (25%), and grains (47%) were significantly reduced under Cr (110 mg kg−1) with combined Mg + Fe and S. aureus strains application, compared to alone. Subsequently, applying combined Mg + Fe and S. aureus strains is a sustainable solution to boost crop production under Cr toxicity.
- Publication
Environmental Geochemistry & Health, 2024, Vol 46, Issue 10, p1
- ISSN
0269-4042
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10653-024-02145-6