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- Title
The degradation rate of thiamethoxam in European field studies.
- Authors
Hilton, Martin J; Jarvis, Tim D; Ricketts, Dean C
- Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiamethoxam is a systemic and contact pesticidal active substance in the neonicotinoid class of insecticides used worldwide to control a range of insects. Recently, concerns have been expressed regarding possible effects of neonicotinoids on bees and other wildlife. The DT50 of thiamethoxam in soil may be crucial to assessing the potential long-term exposure of non-target organisms to thiamethoxam. There are currently no detailed publicly available data for the field soil degradation of thiamethoxam under European conditions. We give field soil DT50 values of thiamethoxam from studies conducted in several European locations, under a range of realistic agronomic conditions. RESULTS Field soil DT50 values normalised to 20 °C ranged between 7.1 and 92.3 days (geomean = 31.2 days; n = 18). CONCLUSION The degradation rate of thiamethoxam was not significantly affected by application type, cropped fields versus bare soil, soil pH, organic matter content or repeated annual applications. Soil photolysis and leaching were negligible; therefore, calculated DT50 values were taken to represent microbial degradation. The field degradation rates of thiamethoxam were faster than those previously reported from laboratory degradation studies. They demonstrate that thiamethoxam will degrade to concentrations that are <10% of the maximum within a year of application, and will not accumulate in soil after repeated applications. © 2015 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
- Subjects
THIAMETHOXAM; CHEMICAL decomposition; SOIL degradation; NEONICOTINOIDS; AGRICULTURAL chemicals; PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of alkaloids; PHOTOLYSIS (Chemistry)
- Publication
Pest Management Science, 2016, Vol 72, Issue 2, p388
- ISSN
1526-498X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/ps.4024