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- Title
The Impact of Language on Hospital Outcomes for COVID-19 Patients: A Study of Non-English Speaking Hispanic Patients.
- Authors
Lopez, Susan; Longcoy, Joshua; Avery, Elizabeth; Isgor, Zeynep; Jeevananthan, Athavi; Perez, Jayline; Perez, Brenda; Sacoto, Hernan Daniel; Stefanini, Kristina; Suzuki, Sumihiro; Ansell, David; Lynch, Elizabeth; Johnson, Tricia
- Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated health inequities, as demonstrated by the disproportionate rates of infection, hospitalization, and death in marginalized racial and ethnic communities. Although non-English speaking (NES) patients have substantially higher rates of COVID-19 positivity than other groups, research has not yet examined primary language, as determined by the use of interpreter services, and hospital outcomes for patients with COVID-19. Methods: Data were collected from 1,770 patients with COVID-19 admitted to an urban academic health medical center in the Chicago, Illinois area from March 2020 to April 2021. Patients were categorized as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, NES Hispanic, and English-speaking (ES) Hispanic using NES as a proxy for English language proficiency. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare the predicted probability for each outcome (i.e., ICU admission, intubation, and in-hospital death) by race/ethnicity. Results: After adjusting for possible confounders, NES Hispanic patients had the highest predicted probability of ICU admission (p-value < 0.05). Regarding intubation and in-hospital death, NES Hispanic patients had the highest probability, although statistical significance was inconclusive, compared to White, Black, and ES Hispanic patients. Conclusions: Race and ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and language have demonstrated disparities in health outcomes. This study provides evidence for heterogeneity within the Hispanic population based on language proficiency that may potentially further contribute to disparities in COVID-19-related health outcomes within marginalized communities.
- Subjects
ILLINOIS; LANGUAGE &; languages; CROSS-sectional method; PATIENTS; ACADEMIC medical centers; RESEARCH funding; HOSPITAL admission &; discharge; HUMAN beings; MULTIPLE regression analysis; HISPANIC Americans; HOSPITAL mortality; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; RETROSPECTIVE studies; CHI-squared test; MANN Whitney U Test; INTUBATION; INTENSIVE care units; MEDICAL records; ACQUISITION of data; HEALTH equity; DATA analysis software; CONFIDENCE intervals; COVID-19; EVALUATION
- Publication
Journal of Racial & Ethnic Health Disparities, 2024, Vol 11, Issue 3, p1611
- ISSN
2197-3792
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s40615-023-01636-z