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- Title
Genetic improvement of soybeans in Brazil: South and Midwest regions.
- Authors
Milioli, Anderson Simionato; Meira, Daniela; Panho, Maiara Cecília; Madella, Laura Alexandra; Woyann, Leomar Guilherme; Todeschini, Matheus Henrique; Zdziarski, Andrei Daniel; Ramos Campagnolli, Otávio; Menegazzi, Caroline Patrícia; Colonelli, Lucas Leite; Fernandes, Rogê Afonso Tolentino; Melo, Carlos Lásaro Pereira de; Fernandes de Oliveira, Marcelo; Bertagnolli, Paulo Fernando; Arias, Carlos Alberto Arrabal; Giasson, Nizio Fernando; Matsumoto, Marcos Norio; Quiroga, Marcos; Rossi Silva, Raphael; Bertan, Ivandro
- Abstract
Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] is one of the main crops produced worldwide, and on‐farm yields have increased considerably in the last decades in Brazil. We evaluated the genetic gain for agronomic, phenological, and end‐use quality traits in 29 cultivars in the South Region, and in 38 cultivars in the Midwest Region in Brazil, released from 1966 to 2011. Field trials were conducted in Macroregions 1, 2, and 4, in 2016–2017, 2017–2018, and 2018–2019 crop seasons. The best linear unbiased predictors (BLUP) of the cultivars were obtained for each trait using a linear model. The BLUPs were regressed with the year of release using linear and quadratic regression models. The rates of genetic gain for seed yield ranged from 11.98 to 15.31 kg ha–1 yr–1 (0.33 to 0.42% yr–1) in the South Region, and from 13.58 to 21.84 kg ha–1 yr–1 (0.47 to 0.77% yr–1) in the Midwest Region. New cultivars presented taller plants and more seed oil content, oil and protein yield, and lower seed weight, days to flowering, days to maturity, and seed protein content than old cultivars in the South Region, although with differences between the Macroregions. In the Midwest Region, new cultivars showed higher seed oil content, oil and protein yield, and lower bottom pod height and seed protein content than old cultivars. Our results showed that breeding programs have been efficient to improve soybean yield and other traits across the years, without yield plateaus in sight. Core Ideas: We observed positive genetic gain for seed yield in both evaluated regions.The breeding efforts over the years have changed important soybean traits.The seed yield has not reached its plateau in the South and Midwest Regions of Brazil.
- Subjects
MIDWEST (U.S.); BRAZIL; SEED yield; OILSEED plants; SEED proteins
- Publication
Crop Science, 2022, Vol 62, Issue 6, p2276
- ISSN
0011-183X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/csc2.20820