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- Title
Heparin at low concentration acts as antivenom against Bothrops jararacussu venom and bothropstoxin-I neurotoxic and myotoxic actions.
- Authors
Rostelato-Ferreira, Sandro; Leite, Gildo Bernardo; Cintra, Adélia Cristina Oliveira; Cruz-Höfling, Maria Alice da; Rodrigues-Simioni, Léa; Oshima-Franco, Yoko
- Abstract
Heparin has been shown to antagonize myotoxic effects of crotaline venoms. Here a very low heparin concentration (LHC) was examined in its ability to antagonize the neurotoxic/myotoxic effects of Bothrops jararacussu venom and its phospholipase A2 myotoxin, bothropstoxin-I (BthTX-I), in an in vitro nerve-muscle preparation and in mice gastrocnemius. Normalization of results was done by assays with commercial antibothropic antivenom (CBA). LHC (1 IU/ml) added to the incubation bath reduced by 4- and 4.5-fold ( vs 2.8- and 2.5-fold by CBA) the neuromuscular paralysis, by 5.4 and 4.4-fold (vs 2.5- and 13.3-fold by CBA) the percentage of fibers damaged and by 6- and 1.7-fold (vs 30- and 1.6-fold by CBA) the CK activity induced by B. jararacussu and BthTX-I, respectively. Protamine sulphate added 15 min after the incubation of the preparation with LHC+venom, avoided the LHC neutralizing effect against venom neurotoxicity. This strongly attests that given the polycationic nature of protamine, it probably complexed with the polyanionic heparin making it unattainable for binding to basic components of venom, reducing toxicity. Since heparin antagonism is generally stronger against venom effects than is myotoxin we discuss that other venom components than the BthTX-I are likely target for the antagonism promoted by the polyanionic heparin.
- Subjects
PHARMACODYNAMICS; HEPARIN; SNAKE venom; NEUROTOXICOLOGY; PHOSPHOLIPASES; ANTIVENINS; LABORATORY mice
- Publication
Journal of Venom Research, 2010, Vol 1, p54
- ISSN
2044-0324
- Publication type
Article