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- Title
Urinary Medium-Chained Acyl-Carnitines Sign High Caloric Intake whereas Short-Chained Acyl-Carnitines Sign High -Protein Diet within a High-Fat, Hypercaloric Diet in a Randomized Crossover Design Dietary Trial.
- Authors
Khodorova, Nadezda V.; Rietman, Annemarie; Rutledge, Douglas N.; Schwarz, Jessica; Piedcoq, Julien; Pilard, Serge; Siebelink, Els; Kok, Frans J.; Tomé, Daniel; Mensink, Marco; Azzout-Marniche, Dalila; Ouguerram, Khadija
- Abstract
The western dietary pattern is known for its frequent meals rich in saturated fat and protein, resulting in a postprandial state for a large part of the day. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the postprandial glucose and lipid metabolism in response to high (HP) or normal (NP) protein, high-fat hypercaloric diet and to identify early biomarkers of protein intake and hepatic lipid accumulation. In a crossover design, 17 healthy subjects were randomly assigned to consume a HP or NP hypercaloric diet for two weeks. In parallel, a control group (CD; n = 10) consumed a weight-maintaining control diet. Biomarkers of postprandial lipid and glucose metabolism were measured in 24 h urine and in plasma before and following a meal challenge. The metabolic profile of urine but not plasma, showed increased excretion of 13C, carnitine and short chain acyl-carnitines after adaptation to the HP diet. Urinary excretion of decatrienoylcarnitine and octenoylcarnitine increased after adaptation to the NP diet. Our results suggest that the higher excretion of short-chain urinary acyl-carnitines could facilitate the elimination of excess fat of the HP diet and thereby reduce hepatic fat accumulation previously reported, whereas the higher excretion medium-chains acyl-carnitine could be early biomarkers of hepatic lipid accumulation.
- Subjects
LIPID metabolism; GLUCOSE metabolism; BIOMARKERS; CARNITINE; FAT content of food; INGESTION; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; HIGH-protein diet; URINE collection &; preservation; STATISTICAL sampling; CROSSOVER trials
- Publication
Nutrients, 2021, Vol 13, Issue 4, p1191
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu13041191