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- Title
Elucidating the molecular programming of a nonlinear non-ribosomal peptide synthetase responsible for fungal siderophore biosynthesis.
- Authors
Jenner, Matthew; Hai, Yang; Nguyen, Hong H.; Passmore, Munro; Skyrud, Will; Kim, Junyong; Garg, Neil K.; Zhang, Wenjun; Ogorzalek Loo, Rachel R.; Tang, Yi
- Abstract
Siderophores belonging to the ferrichrome family are essential for the viability of fungal species and play a key role for virulence of numerous pathogenic fungi. Despite their biological significance, our understanding of how these iron-chelating cyclic hexapeptides are assembled by non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) enzymes remains poorly understood, primarily due to the nonlinearity exhibited by the domain architecture. Herein, we report the biochemical characterization of the SidC NRPS, responsible for construction of the intracellular siderophore ferricrocin. In vitro reconstitution of purified SidC reveals its ability to produce ferricrocin and its structural variant, ferrichrome. Application of intact protein mass spectrometry uncovers several non-canonical events during peptidyl siderophore biosynthesis, including inter-modular loading of amino acid substrates and an adenylation domain capable of poly-amide bond formation. This work expands the scope of NRPS programming, allows biosynthetic assignment of ferrichrome NRPSs, and sets the stage for reprogramming towards novel hydroxamate scaffolds. Fungal siderophores are biosynthesised by nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) with highly unusual domain architectures. Here, the authors characterise cryptic programming events occurring within SidC NRPS, responsible for ferricrocin biosynthesis in Aspergillus nidulans.
- Subjects
PEPTIDES; NONRIBOSOMAL peptide synthetases; NONLINEAR programming; BIOSYNTHESIS; ASPERGILLUS nidulans; HEXAPEPTIDES; POLYKETIDE synthases
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2023, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-023-38484-8