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- Title
Sediment quality in Los Angeles Harbor, USA: a triad assessment
- Authors
Stephenson, Mark; Anderson, Brian S.; Wilson, Craig J.; Roberts, Cassandra A.; Puckett, H. Max; Phillips, Bryn M.; Oakden, James M.; Lyons, J. Michael; Fairey, Russell; Tjeerdema, Ronald S.; Hunt, John W.; Long, Edward R.
- Abstract
Sediment quality in the Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbor area of southern California, USA, was assessed from 1992 to 1997 as part of theCalifornia State Water Resources Control Board's Bay Protection and Toxic Cleanup Program and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Status and Trends Program. The assessment strategy relied on application of various components of the sediment qualitytriad, combined with bioaccumulation measures, in a weight-of-evidence approach to sediment quality investigations. Results of bulk-phasechemical measurements, solid-phase amphipod toxicity tests, pore-water toxicity tests with invertebrate embryos, benthic community analyses (presented as a relative benthic index), and bioaccumulation measures indicated that inner harbor areas of this system are polluted by high concentrations of a mixture of sediment-associated contaminants and that this pollution is highly correlated with toxicity in laboratory experiments and degradation of benthic community structure. While29% of sediment samples from this system were toxic to amphipods (Rhepoxynius abronius or Eohaustorius estuarius), 79% were toxic to abalone embryos (Haliotis rufescens) exposed to 100% pore-water concentrations. Statistical analyses indicated that amphipod survival in laboratory toxicity tests was significantly correlated with the number of crustacean species and the total number of species measured in the benthos at these stations. Triad measures were incorporated into a decision matrix designed to classify stations based on degree of sedimentpollution, toxicity, benthic community degradation, and, where applicable, tissue concentrations in laboratory-exposed bivalves and feralfish.
- Subjects
BENTHOS; BIOACCUMULATION; POLLUTION; TOXICITY testing
- Publication
Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry, 2001, Vol 20, Issue 2, p359
- ISSN
0730-7268
- Publication type
Article