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- Title
Numerical investigation of effects of "baffles - deceleration strip" hybrid system on rock avalanches.
- Authors
Bi, Yu-zhang; He, Si-ming; Du, Yan-jun; Shan, Jie; Yan, Shuai-xing; Wang, Dong-po; Sun, Xin-po
- Abstract
Arrays of baffles are usually installed in front of protection site to attenuate the flow energy of rock avalanches in mountainous areas. Optimization design is crucial for efficiency promotion in hazard energy dissipation engineering. In this study, a deceleration strip was added in the baffles protection system to optimize the traditional baffles system. The effects of the "baffles - deceleration strip" hybrid protection system was discussed in detail with the nails number and nails angle. This study presents details of numerical experiments using the discrete element method (DEM). The effect of the optimization of hybrid protection system (nail angle and nail number) were investigated specifically, especially the impact force that avalanches exerted on structures. The results show that the maximum impact forces and kinetic energy of the rock avalanches decreases with the increase of the number and angle of the nail. Moreover, the distance between the toe and the bearing structure (Lm) is also a key factor. The shorter the distance Lm (30m) is, the higher the maximum impact force are. The longer the distance Lm (70m) is, the lower the maximum impact force are. Under the same size of the nails, increasing the numbers can enhance the dissipation ability of the hybrid protection system. Meanwhile, increasing its angle can also enhance the dissipation ability. There are three key ways for nails attenuate rock avalanches: (i) block the fine particles directly; (ii) form the particles bridge between nails and baffles; (iii) dissipate the coarse particles energy directly. The effect of segregation in rock avalanches is crucial for the energy dissipation mechanism, which is a key factor to optimize the traditional baffle system.
- Subjects
AVALANCHES; BAFFLES (Mechanical device); ENERGY dissipation; HYBRID systems; KINETIC energy
- Publication
Journal of Mountain Science, 2019, Vol 16, Issue 2, p414
- ISSN
1672-6316
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11629-018-4908-3